Conflicts between humans and wildlife have never ceased. As long as the living spaces of any organisms overlap, competition for resources will inevitably occur. Whether it is air, sunlight, water, or habitat space, all are essential conditions for survival. However, if the power and capability of one side become too dominant, it often leads to the extinction of the other. Humans represent the dominant side, while the other wildlife originally inhabiting the area tend to become disadvantaged. As early as the beginning of animal husbandry and farming activities, humans have continuously competed with nature for land. However, at that time, the power of nature still held the upper hand, so people learned how to conform to natural laws and coexist with nature. It was not until after the Industrial Revolution that the concept of "man conquering nature" was continuously instilled in people's minds, which not only affected mountains, forests, and wildlife, but also—only when glaciers melted, solar terms changed, and natural disasters increased—did people begin to realize with shock the bitter fruits of "man conquering nature." Although human history has continuously consumed Earth's resources along the way, if we can take the experience accumulated from utilizing natural resources in the past and, in turn, properly combine knowledge and capabilities from various fields to avoid continuing down the path of environmental destruction, we can transform the destructive force into an environmentally friendly force.

Taiwan, with its narrow land and abundant mountains, has only one-third of its area as plains, making it a mountain range floating on the sea. As humans need to develop land, the opportunities for contact with wildlife will only gradually increase. Conversely, wildlife will also attempt to contact environments altered by human activity. Whether it is human development or the urbanization of wildlife, conflicts in interaction will inevitably be encountered. How to turn conflict into opportunity tests the wisdom of Taiwanese people in coexisting peacefully with wildlife while simultaneously improving the health and quality of human life. Wildlife management is precisely a prominent field of study that explores coexistence with nature.